On a full float axle the axle shafts are only rotating the the drum and wheel. They don't carry any weight, the axle housing does that. On a semi-float axle, the axle rotates the drum and wheel, as well as carries the weight of the vehicle at the same time. Also, the semi-float axle shafts are held in with C-clips, which means if you snap an axle, the whole wheel/tire/drum/axle stub will slide right out. On a Full float, if you snap an axle, while is more unlikly anyhow, but if you do, just take it out and your tire/wheel/drum stays attached to the housing allowing you to drive home.
Here's the differences in specs:
Axle Ring Dia. Spline Count Axle Shaft diameter
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14BFF 10.5" 30 1.5"
14BSF 9.5" 33 1.37"
Dana 44 8.5" varied usally 1.31"
Dana 60 9.75" 30 or 33 1.31 or 1.50"
Dana 70 10.5" 23, 32, 35 1.5, 1.31, 1.5
BlazerMan