another way...
I've had alternators strip out the threads too--I use a nut behind the stripped alternator hole,and a longer bolt if needed, rather than try re-tapping it for a bigger bolt--as mentioned already,the bigger bolt wont "slide" in the slot in the bracket!

--using a square nut is best,then it'll wedge itself between the alternator and bracket,and you wont need two wrenches to hold it and tighten it up..
As for it slipping back and loosening the belt,I think you could simply add another bolt and washers to the slot in the bracket, and tighten it up--that should prevent it from "creeping" back towards the motor and loosening the belt up...
I drove my friends truck 50 miles once to pick up some parts--when I got there it refused to turn over--when I opened the hood to get it jump started,I realized why the battery ran down..all he had for an "adjustment" on his alternator was a beat up block of WOOD he'd hammered in there between the motor and alternator in a rush ,when the bolt in his alternator snapped off 6 months prior!

..the belt was so loose I couldn't believe it stayed on!..I ended up using a ratchet tie down strap to pull the alternator tight,and had to use rope to tie the parts down in the bed!..last time I ever borrowed HIS truck!..
