The gauge can read anywhere on the dial with the key off,but usualy it stays close to the actual level in the tank,in my experience..the gas gauge is just two coils of wire ,with the needle "balanced" in the middle,kind of like an ampmeter--the sending unit increases or decreases the amount of current in one coil or the other ,depending on the amount in the tank--the "full" coil attracts the needle more the full mark,when the sending unit sends it more current than the "empty" coil has,and vise versa when its empty...I've never bothered trying to calibrate one,I just get another gauge from the salvage yard if I have one that wont read correctly..most all of my trucks had very accurate gas gauges..