Actually doing damage is pretty much a myth, unless the tip breaks off and falls in the cylinder..........
But, if the ignition system was not designed for Platinums, they will almost always cause misfires and generally crappy running.
Back when they were first coming out and were all the rage, I was on the Automotive forum on CServe.
It got to the point that when a new user would log on and say they had just changed their plugs and now had a misfire, we did not even ask.
We would just tell them to pull out the platnums and put in regular plugs. Had about a 90% success rate on that guess.
Made several people get a little freaked out wanting to know how we knew they had put in platinums.........
Both the voltage and spark wattage is higher for them, and a lot of standard coils will not create a spark hot enough or of sufficient duration to fire the cylinder properly.
Even some high voltage coils will not get the job done, because they produce too short a spark with them.