This is a longshot, but as you know, the most common cause is overfill letting the fluid get up into the gears and foam out.
You changed the dipstick, so its probably not marked wrong, but since the truck is new to you, is there any chance that something has been changed?
It could be something as drastic as different transmission from what the truck is supposed to have, to something as simple as a shortened dipstick tube.
Since a stopped up filter was mentioned, you might try changing the fluid and filter. While you do, you can note for sure which transmission it is.
Then check with the experts here and find out exactly how much fluid you should have to put in during a change.
Put in that amount and then check it with the stick.
If it shows a quart or so low, then you have found the problem.
I had a truck brand new from the factory that would blow out the first quart of engine oil after a change.
Dealer could not find anything wrong. I finally decided to just let the engine burn up under warranty.
It never used another quart after the first one.
So I just ran it a quart low.
A few years later, I found a recall notice for the trucks up to the year before mine that said the wrong dipstick had been put in some.
The recall notice said change the oil and put in the correct amount and then check it. I did, and sure enough it showed a quart low.
Never changed the stick, just ran it low.
Thinking you might try the same on your transmission.
J.