Copied from an article I was reading
Supercharged since the 1800s
Francis Roots obtained the first patent of record for his namesake compressor in 1860. Nothing automotive came of it until 1900, when Daimler-Benz patented its “Kompressor” for automobile supercharging. The name, by the way, is still used on their turbocharged cars today.Rudolf Diesel patented the supercharged diesel engine in 1896. Louis Renault patented the centrifugal-compressor supercharger in 1902. Italian Alfred Buchi obtained a patent on the turbocharger in 1905. Turbochargers were used on diesel engines beginning in the 1920s, but manufacturing reliable turbines capable of enduring the higher exhaust temperatures of gasoline engines prevented their routine use into the 1930s.
Gasoline-powered production automobiles with supercharging came into vogue in the 1930s on the Auburn-Cord-Duesenberg line. In 1937, Robert Paxton McCulloch began making mechanically driven scroll-compressor superchargers as add-ons for the Ford V-8 engine widely used in racecars and so-called hot rods. McCulloch later went on to fame with chainsaws and other 2-cycle engines.
Turbochargers became common on aircraft engines shortly before and during World War II, although shortages of critical material for the turbines limited supply. Many aircraft models, including those powered by the famous Rolls-Royce Merlin V-12 engine, achieved notable success using multi-stage and intercooled engine-driven superchargers.
1962 Oldsmobile Jetfire leads the way
Supercharged production cars again appeared in 1954 in the form of the Kaiser Manhattan (with a McCulloch unit driven by a variable-speed belt-squeezer drive). These were followed in subsequent years with similar superchargers on Packard and Studebaker cars.Turbocharged racecars began to appear in the early 1950s, but the world’s first production car with a turbocharged gasoline engine was the 1962 Oldsmobile F-85 Jetfire, followed a few weeks later by the Chevrolet Corvair Monza Spyder. The Jetfire turbo lasted only two years, the Corvair turbo for four.
