You may have to change out your input shaft. I bet currently you have a 27 spline input on that 241. All you would need to do is change that out for a 32 spline input (since the 4l80e has a 32 spline output) and your done. You don't need any special adapter or anything. The stock 4l80e tcase adapter is a 6 bolt round just like your current 241. So just change the input out and that's it.
And as far as the tcase not being clocked or anything. In my personal opinion, you don't need to clock them if you don't want to. Just build a beef simple skid plate to protect the case, and you're done. For years I ran a SYE241 on my K5 crawler with 44" boggers. Mine wasn't clocked at all. I just built a skid plate (sure it hung down a little bit, but not bad at all) and I beat the crap outta that skid plate and never had a problem with that case ever. Plus, with clocking you then have to worry about d-shaft angles on the front driveline and exhaust can get tricky too. To be honest, keep the 241, swap inputs, and build a skid plate and be done. In my opinion, the only time a 205 is better than a 241 is when there's a reduction box in front of the 205 (meaning 203, eco box, titan box, magnum box, etc.). If looking at a stock 205 to a stock 241, I give the nod to the 241 overall. Just my $0.02 is all